UAE has also announced that the country will achieve Net Zero GHG by 2050 which is a great example set for others.

Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid, Vice President, prime minister, and Ruler of Dubai, and Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi and Deputy Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces, said the Emirates is geared up to help drive plans to protect the planet.

Sheikh Mohammed also added, “As a nation committed to international co-operation and positive action, the UAE is ready and willing to host this crucial global gathering aimed at accelerating efforts to address our planet’s shared climate challenges” on his Twitter account.

Climate change is a big threat. The majority view the issue of climate change as a very important topic that has to be discussed globally.

It was at the end of the 20th-century people began realizing how dangerous is climate change and its negative impacts.

To find an accurate solution for the issue, different countries came forward with many initiatives. But the important event was taken place in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro in the name ‘United Nations Conference on Environment and Development which is widely known as “Rio Earth summit 1992”.

In this summit, many decisions regarding climate change and environmental protection were taken. Many organizations were formed as a part of the Rio summit.

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) was formed in 1994 with the task to prevent climate change. Its main aim is to achieve the stabilization of GHG concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent the dangerous effects of climate change.

To do that UNFCCC decided to conduct meetings once every year at any corner of the world.                                           The members in UNFCCC are called parties while their meeting is known as the conference. Altogether it is widely popular as COP (conference of parties)

The most important COP that took place was in japan in the year 1997. They together decided to take an aim-oriented decision and as a part of that, a document was submitted in the name of the Kyoto Protocol.                                 

As most of the greenhouse emissions were done by developed countries due to the industrial revolution, Kyoto Protocol asked those developed countries to take responsibility for their action and to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases.

But things didn’t go as planned. Kyoto Protocol was a failure. It faced limitations like conflicts between different countries blaming each other.

Later COP21 took place in Paris in the year 2015 which suggested a new way for reduction of greenhouse emissions, which asked every country that is developed, developing and emerging countries should take responsibility and initiative for the reduction of greenhouse gases.

However, developing and emerging countries were not happy with the decision as it was not morally fair to them.

To make things right COP21 suggested a new strategy called climate-financing which means developed countries should accumulate about 100 billion us dollars and give away that money to developing and emerging countries for buying new types of machinery and to adapt to new technologies, taking into account the needs and priorities of underprivileged countries.

As the Kyoto protocol faced conflicts in between them itself, the Paris summit in 2015 asked all countries to take decisions regarding climate change on their own. In that way, it would be their moral responsibility to fulfill it and they are obliged. This is known As Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC).

In August 2021 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) published its 6th assessment which said, even though everybody is following NDC, the changes are nowhere to be seen. If we are going forward with the same condition we will break the breach of 1.5 degrees Celsius and by 2100 the Earth will suffer the worst impact of climate change. Unless immediate actions are implemented to check emissions and prevent them everything would be beyond reach.

But if we are able to achieve Net-zero GHG emissions by mid-century we would be able to reduce 1.4 degrees Celsius by end of this century. (Net-zero is the process of absorption of the correct amount of gases which is emitted already)

COP26 was held recently and asked all countries to revise their NDC and resubmit.